Google LLC is an American multinational technology company specializing in Internet-related services and products, including online advertising technology, a search engine, cloud computing, software, and hardware. It is considered one of the five big tech companies along with Amazon, Facebook, Apple, and Microsoft.
Google was founded in September 1998 by Larry Page and Sergey Brin, when they were Ph.D. Students at Stanford University in California. Together they own about 14% of its shares and control 56% of the stockholder voting power through super-voting stock. Google was incorporated in California on September 4, 1998. Google was re-incorporated into Delaware on October 22, 2002. In July 2003, Google moved to its headquarters in Mountain View, California, named Googleplex. The company became a public company on 19 August 2004 through an Initial Public Offering (IPO). In October 2015, Google restructured as a subsidiary of a group called Alphabet Inc. Google is Alphabet's largest subsidiary and a holding company for Alphabet's Internet interests. . Sundar Pichai was appointed CEO of Google, replacing Larry Page, who became CEO of Alphabet. In 2021, the Alphabet Workers Union was established, consisting mainly of Google employees.
The company's rapid growth since incorporation includes products, acquisitions, and partnerships beyond Google's main search engine, (Google Search). It works and productivity (Google Docs, Google Sheets, and Google Slides), email (Gmail), scheduling and time management (Google Calendar), cloud storage (Google Drive), instant messaging, and video chat (Google Duo, Hangouts, Google Chat And Google Meet), language translation (Google Translate), mapping and navigation (Google Maps, Waze, Google Earth, and Street View), podcast hosting (Google Podcast), video sharing (YouTube), blog publishing (Blogger), demonetization (Google Keep and Jamboard), and photo organizing and editing (Google Photos). The company leads the development of the Android mobile operating system, the Google Chrome web browser, and Chrome OS, a lightweight operating system based on the Chrome browser. Google has moved quickly in hardware; From 2010 to 2015, it partnered with major electronics manufacturers in the production of its Google Nexus devices, and in October 2016 it released several hardware products, including the Google Pixel line of smartphones, Google Home Smart Speaker, Google Wifi mesh wireless router, And Google Daydream virtual reality headsets. Google has also experimented to become an Internet carrier (Google Fiber, Google Fi, and Google Station).
Google.com is the most visited website worldwide. Many other websites owned by Google are also on the list of most popular websites, including YouTube and Blogger.
In the list of most valuable brands, Google has been ranked second by Forbes and fourth by Interbrand. It has received critical criticism related to issues such as privacy concerns, tax avoidance, antitrust, censorship, and search neutrality.
Early Days
Google began as a research project in January 1996 by Larry Page and Sergey Brin, when they were both Ph.D. Students at Stanford University in California. The project initially involved an unofficial "third founder", Scott Hassan, the original lead programmer who wrote a lot of code for the original Google search engine, but before Google was officially established as a company He left; Hasan made a career in robotics and 2006 founded the company Willow Garage.
While traditional search engines ranked results by calculating how often search terms appeared on a page, they theorized about a better system that analyzes relationships between websites. He called this algorithm PageRank; It determined the relevance of a website based on the number of pages and the importance of the pages that linked back to the original site. Page communicated his ideas to Hassan, who began writing code to implement Page's ideas.
Page and Brin originally nicknamed the new search engine "Backerb", as the system checked backlinks to estimate the site's importance. Page and Brin described Hassan and Alan Sturmberg as important to Google's development. Rajiv Motwani and Terry Winograd later collaborated with Page and Brin to write the first paper about the project, which described PageRank and the initial prototype of the Google search engine published in 1998. Hector Garcia-Molina and Jeff Ullman were also cited as contributors. Assignment or Project. PageRank was influenced by a similar page-ranking and site-scoring algorithm previously used for Rankdex, developed in 1996 by Robin Lee, with Larry Page's PageRank patent, Lee's first RankDex patent. The quote was also included; Lee later created Baidu, a Chinese search engine.
Eventually, he changed the name to Google; The name of the search engine was a play on the word "Googol", number 1 followed by 100 zeros, which was chosen to indicate that the purpose of the search engine was to provide a large amount of information.
The domain name www.google.com was registered on September 15, 1997, and the company was incorporated on September 4, 1998. It was based in the garage of Susan Wojcicki in Menlo Park, California. Craig Silverstein, a fellow Ph.D. student at Stanford, was hired as the first employee.
Google was initially funded by an August 1998 contribution of $100,000 from Andy Bechtolsheim, co-founder of Sun Microsystems; the money was given before Google was incorporated. Google received money from three other angel investors in 1998: Amazon.com founder Jeff Bezos, Stanford University computer science professor David Cheriton, and entrepreneur Ram Shriram. Between these initial investors, friends, and family Google raised around $1,000,000, which is what allowed them to open up their original shop in Menlo Park, California.
After some additional, small investments through the end of 1998 to early 1999, a new $25 million round of funding was announced on June 7, 1999, with major investors including the venture capital firms Kleiner Perkins and Sequoia Capital.
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